Acta Albaruthenica

On the problem of determining the subject and the predicate in sentences with morphologically equivalent components of the subject-predicate pair

2024, Issue 24

Valery Varanovich

0000-0002-4288-9560

Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Department of Belarusian Philology

DOI

10.31338/2720-698Xaa.24.16

Publication date

13.02.2025

Submission date

14.05.2024

Acceptance date

21.08.2024

Publishing model

open access

License type

CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 PL

Field

Humanities

Discipline

literary studies, linguistics

Language of publication

Belarusian

Downloads

PDF 331 KB

Article

Number of views:70

Number of downloads:42

Crossref citations:0

Altmetric score:0

Abstract

The subject of the study is the problem of determining the subject and the predicate which are expressed grammatically in independent forms: as a noun in the nominative case or as a noun and an infinitive, in a two-part sentence with a zero link-verb. The relevance of the research topic lies in the fact that over the past few decades and up to this day, various sources describing syntax within the framework of the traditional doctrine of sentence members, such as academic grammars, university manuals, scientific and scientific-methodological articles, offer different approaches to determining the subject and the predicate in a sentence of this type. These approaches lead to opposite decisions when analyzing many sentences. And besides it also causes problems in the educational process when teaching syntax. The purpose of the study was to determine the optimal general approach for the mentioned problem, as well as to identify specific solutions as the most appropriate for sentences with separate features in their structure. Due to this reason, the article reveals advantages and disadvantages of the two most common approaches in Belarusian and Russian studies to determining the subject and the predicate in sentences of this type and their corresponding methods. As a result, the expediency of choosing an integrated approach in determining the subject and the predicate is substantiated. Not only the separate aspects of the sentence are taked into account, but everything as a whole, including the communicative aspect which determines the semantic features of a sentence associated with its actual division. The highlight of the article is the substantiation that relying on the formula of grammatical transformation of the sentence Х з’яўляецца Y-ам ‘X is Y’ cannot act as a universal and mandatory way of determining the subject and the predicate in a sentence.

Keywords:

subject,predicate,principal parts of the sentence,grammatical trans formation of the sentence,logical subject,logical predicate,logical-semantic structure of the sentence

Bibliography

Âǔnevìč Mìhaìl, Scâcko Pavel. 2006. Sìntaksìs sučasnaj belaruskaj movy. Mìnsk: Aversèv [Яўневіч Міхаіл, Сцяцко Павел. 2006. Сінтаксіс сучаснай беларускай мовы. Мінск: Аверсэв].

Babajceva Vera. 2010. Strukturno-semantičeskoe napravlenie v sovremennoj rusistike. V: Babajceva Vera. Izbrannoe. 2005–2010: Sbornik naučnyh i naučno-metodičeskih statej. Moskva – Stavropolʹ: Izd-vo SGU [Бабайцева Вера. 2010. Структурно-семантическое направление в современной русистике. В: Бабайцева Вера. Избранное. 2005–2010: Сборник научных и научно-методических статей. Москва – Ставрополь: Изд-во СГУ].

Babajceva Vera. 2011. Sistema členov predloženiâ v sovremennom russkom âzyke. Moskva: Flinta – Nauka [Бабайцева Вера. 2011. Система членов предложения в современном русском языке. Москва: Флинта – Наука].

Belaruskaâ gramatyka ǔ 2 častkah. 1985–1986. Rèd. M. Bìryla, P. Šuba. Mìnsk: Navuka ì tèhnìka [Беларуская граматыка ў 2 частках. 1985–1986. Рэд. М. Бірыла, П. Шуба. Мінск: Навука і тэхніка].

Burak Leanìd. 1987. Sučasnaâ belaruskaâ mova: Sìntaksìs. Punktuacyâ. Mìnsk: Unìver-sìtèckae [Бурак Леанід. 1987. Сучасная беларуская мова: Сінтаксіс. Пунктуацыя. Мінск: Універсітэцкае].

Čupaševa Olʹga. 2005. Grammatičeskaâ osnova predloženiâ: problemy i rešeniâ. “Russkij âzyk”. № 13 [Чупашева Ольга. 2005. Грамматическая основа предложения: проблемы и решения. “Русский язык”. № 13] [online] https://rus.1sept.ru/ article.php?ID=200501306 [доступ: 26.02.2024].

Danìlʹčyk Zìnaìda. 1995. Sìntaksìčnaâ rolâ ìnfìnìtyva. “Rodnae slova” № 7: 67–77 [Данільчык Зінаіда. 1995. Сінтаксічная роля інфінітыва. “Роднае слова” № 7: 67–77].

Gusev Dmitrij. 2003. Kratkij kurs logiki: Iskusstvo pravilʹnogo myšleniâ. Moskva: Izd-vo NC ÈNAS [Гусев Дмитрий. 2003. Краткий курс логики: Искусство правильного мышления. Москва: Изд-во НЦ ЭНАС].

Lekant Pavel. 1986. Sintaksis prostogo predloženiâ v sovremennom russkom âzyke. Moskva: Vysšaâ škola [Лекант Павел. 1986. Синтаксис простого предложения в современном русском языке. Москва: Высшая школа].

Mao Ânʹ. 2018. Ocenočnostʹ kačestvenno-otnositelʹnyh prilagatelʹnyh v sovremennom russkom âzyke. “Filologičeskie nauki. Voprosy teorii i praktiki” № 1, č. 1: 143–148 [Мао Янь. 2018. Оценочность качественно-относительных прилагательных в современном русском языке. “Филологические науки. Вопросы теории и практики” № 1, ч. 1: 143–148] [online] https://www.gramota.net/materials/2/2018/1-1/37.html [доступ: 09.04.2024].

Raspopov Igorʹ. 1970. Stroenie prostogo predloženiâ v sovremennom russkom âzyke. Moskva: Prosveŝenie [Распопов Игорь. 1970. Строение простого предложения в современном русском языке. Москва: Просвещение].

Raspopov Igorʹ. 1976. Metodologiâ i metodika lingvističeskih issledovanij (Metody sinhronnogo izučeniâ âzyka). Voronež: Izd-vo Voronežskogo universiteta [Распопов Игорь. 1976. Методология и методика лингвистических исследований (Методы синхронного изучения языка). Воронеж: Изд-во Воронежского университета].

Sovremennyj russkij âzyk 1989. Red. V. Belošapkova. 2-e izd., ispr. i dop. Moskva: Vysšaâ škola [Современный русский язык 1989. Ред. В. Белошапкова. 2-е изд., испр. и доп. Москва: Высшая школа].

Sovremennyj russkij âzyk. Častʹ 2. Sintaksis. 1979. Red. D. Rozentalʹ. 3-e izd., ispr. Moskva: Vysšaâ škola [Современный русский язык. Часть 2. Синтаксис. 1979. Ред. Д. Розенталь. 3-е изд., испр. Москва: Высшая школа].

Šumskaâ Ìryna. 1977. Kanstrukcyì z ìnfìnìtyvam-dzejnìkam u belaruskaj move. “Belaruskaâ lìngvìstyka”. Vyp. 11: 29–34 [Шумская Ірына. 1977. Канструкцыі з інфінітывам-дзейнікам у беларускай мове. “Беларуская лінгвістыка”. Вып. 11: 29–34].

Valgina Nina. 2003. Sovremennyj russkij âzyk: Sintaksis. 4-e izd., ispr. Moskva: Vysšaâ škola [Валгина Нина. 2003. Современный русский язык: Синтаксис. 4-е изд., испр. Москва: Высшая школа].